Avicenna

Avicenna  is one of  famous Muslim scientists in the world. He was a scientist with smart ideas who inspired modern medicine. He is widely known as the "Father of Modern Medicine." George Sarton called it the "most famous scientist of Islam and One Of The Most Famous In All Fields Place, and Time". He was born in the golden age of Islamic civilization, so he called the Islamic figure of the world.

Avicenna was also a prolific writer, most of his work discusses the philosophy and medicine. He is the only major philosophy in Islam that managed to build a complete system of philosophy and detailed, a system that has dominated Muslim philosophical tradition until several centuries. His most famous works are The Book of Healing and The Canon of Medicine, also known as the Qanun used as a reference in the field of medicine for centuries.

Avicenna  Biography

Avicenna's full name is Abū 'Ali al-Husayn ibn' Abdullah ibn Sina. Avicenna was born in 980 AD in Afsyahnah area near Bukhara, now territory of Uzbekistan . He came from a family with Ismaili sect and he was already familiar with the scientific discussion is mainly delivered by her father. His parents were a high official in the government of Saman Dynasty. He grew up in Bukharaja and studied philosophy and religious sciences of Islam.

At the age of 10 years he studied many teachings of Islam and successed  memorizing  the Qur'an. He was guided by Abu Abdellah Natili, in studying the science of logic, to study books and Prophyry Isagoge, Eucliddan Al-Magest Ptolemy. After that he also studied theology and Metaphysics of Plato and Arsitoteles.

Once when she was having problems when studying Metaphysics of Arisstoteles. Forty times he read to memorize every word in the book, but he could not understand the meaning. Until one day after he read the book Agradhu li li ma waraet thabie'ah Aristho his Al-Farabi (870-950 AD), all questions get answers and explanations are bright, as if he got the key to all knowledge Metaphysics.

After successfully studying natural sciences and divinity, Ibn Sina was interested in studying medicine. He studied medicine at Isa bin Yahya. Although in theory he is immature, but he did a lot of success in treating the sick. Whenever the face of adversity, he begged God to given instructions, then in his God provides a solution to the difficulties being faced.

Once when Amir Nuh bin Nasr was suffering from serious illness. Heard about the greatness possessed by Avicenna, he finally asked to come to the palace to treat Amir Nasr Bin Nuh so that his health recovered. Since then, Avicenna became familiar with Amir Nuh bin Nasr who has a library which has a collection of books full partner in the region. Thus making Avicenna have access to visit the palace of the most comprehensive libraries which Khana Pole.

Thanks to these libraries, Avicenna get a lot of science to materials discovery. One day, the library burned and local people accuse Avicenna that he deliberately set fire to the library, on the grounds that other people can no longer take advantage of the library.
Avicenna was born in the golden age of Islamic civilization. At the age of many Muslim scholars translating scientific texts from Greece, Persia and India. Greek text from the time of Plato, thereafter until the time of Aristotle intensively widely translated and further developed by scientists of Islam.

This development is mainly carried out by universities established by Al-Kindi. The development of science in this period include mathematics, astronomy, algebra, trigonometry, and medicine. In the eastern part Samayid Dynasty Persian Khorasan region and Dynasty Buyid western part of Iran and Persian to provide an atmosphere that is conducive to the development of science and culture. In an age of Samanid Empire, Bukhara and Baghdad became the center of culture and science of the Islamic world.

At the age of 22 years, Avicenna's father died. Samanid administration towards collapse. Problems that occur in the administration finally made must leave Bukhara. First he moved to Gurganj, he lived for 10 years in Gurganj. Later he moved from Gurganj to Nasa, then moved again to Baward, and continue to move where to learn new knowledge and put it into practice.

Shams al-Ma'äli Qäbtis, a poet and scholar, which Ibn Sina expect to find shelter, where some years (1052) died killed by mutinous troops. He himself at that time a very severe disease. Finally, at Gorgan, near the Caspian Sea, he had a visit with a friend, who bought a house near his own homework where Avicenna learned logic and astronomy. Several of Avicenna  guidebook written for these people, and the beginning of the book Canon of Medicine was also done when he lived in Hyrcania.



Avicenna

Ability in the Field of Medicine and Philosophy

In the field of medicine he offered Al-Qanun fit Tibb, where modern medical science got a lesson, because this book in addition to the full, drawn up systematically. Kitab Qanun Avicenna posts for several centuries became the main reference books and the most authentic. This book kaedah peel-kaedah general medicine, drugs and various diseases. Along with the rise of translation movement in the 12th century BC, the book Al-Qanun was translated into Latin. Now the book has also been translated into English, French and German. Qanun is the book collection of ancient methods of treatment and methods of treatment of Islam.

Avicenna managed to put together a coordinated system of Islamic philosophy neatly. Great job done Avicenna is answering the question of philosophy that are still unanswered before. Avicenna's influence philosophical thinking such thoughts and work of his study in the field of medicine are not only focused on the Islamic world but also reaching Europe.

Albertos Magnus, a German scientist of the flow Dominique who lived between 1200-1280 BC was the first European to write a full explanation of the philosophy of Aristotle. He is known as a major pioneer Christian Aristotle. He was the one who marries a Christian world with Aristotle. He knows the views and ideas of the great Greek philosophy it from the books of Ibn Sina. Metaphysical philosophy Avicenna is a summary of the themes of philosophical truth recognized two centuries later by Western thinkers.

The works of Ibn Sina

Works written by Avicenna  Approximatly  between 100 to 250 pieces title. The works of Avicenna famous in Philosophy is As-Shifa, An-Najat, and Al-Cues. His work is well known in the medical field is Al-Qanun. The quality of his work is remarkable bergitu and involvement in medical practice, teaching, and politics, shows the level of remarkable ability. In addition, he has written short essays called Maqallah. His work among several others:

  • Al-Qanun fi Thib (rules of treatment)
  • Ash Shifa (consisting of 18 volumes containing about different kinds of knowledge)
  • Al-Inshaf (a book about true justice)
  • An-Najah (book about happiness Soul)
  • Al-Musiqa (Books about music), etc.


In addition to the philosophical work, Avicenna left a number of essays and poetry. Some well-known essay is:

  • Hayy ibn Yaqzhan
  • Risalah of Ath-Thair
  • Risalah fi Sirr Al-Qadar
  • Risalah  fi al 'ishq
  • Tahshil As-Sa'adah

Some of his poetry, namely:

  • Urjuzah fi Ath al-Tibb 
  • Al-Qasidah Al-Muzdawiyyah
  • Al-Qasidah Al 'Ainiyyah


In the history of medieval philosophical thought, the figure of Avicenna  gained high appreciation up to modern times. He is the only major philosophy of Islam which has managed to build a complete system of philosophy and detailed, a system that has dominated Muslim philosophical tradition several centuries. His life was spent on the affairs of the country and writing. At the age of 58 years (428 H / 1037 AD) Avicenna died and was buried in Hamazan. He is an example of the great civilization of Iran in his day.


Extracted from: Biografi Tokoh Dunia Lengkap
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